How to Make Fruit, Flower, and Vegetable Wines

How to make fruit, flower, and vegetable wines using this A-Z list of delicious ingredients. Includes wine recipes, winemaking instructions, and a beginner’s equipment list.

Last year, Tanya asked me to write a guest piece on how to make country wines. I was honored to do so and received positive feedback from her readers. Much of this centered around a flippant comment I made, saying that I wanted to make at least one wine for each letter of the alphabet. My quest continues, and here is how I am getting on.

Essentially there are three types of country wine: fruit, flower, and vegetable. I will use all three to reach my goal, and the basic method for each is a little different. Below I have produced a basic recipe for each, and you can adapt them to suit whatever ingredient you want to use. Often this will be dictated by your garden surpluses, or what looks cheap in the market.

Make Fruit, Flower, and Vegetable Wine

There are of course many letters where I have made multiple wines, and my list below is a suggestion for your starting point. The letters B and E are particularly traumatic in recommending just one wine. Blackberry or blackcurrant? Elderberry or elderflower? All are excellent, and you should try each one. However, I have picked Blackberry for B because it is easier to source the fruit, and Elderflower for E as it is a flower wine, and my list is mostly fruit.

You will note that there is only one true vegetable on the list unless you count rhubarb. Prune wine is genuinely nice. Beetroot is okay, as is peapod. Potato and celery are not. My wines are mostly made from fruit. Fruit, after all, is sweeter and juicier than either vegetables or flowers and it is no coincidence that grapes are fruit! Vegetable and flower wines are only subtly different in ingredients and methods from fruit wines. With the three basic winemaking methods that follow, you can make wine with any of these fruit, berries, and wine. Though, to begin with, refer to a wine recipe book or blog for exact quantities and variations to these methods.

A – Apple (of course). One recipe I tried called for 24 lbs, but that is excessive. Use 6 lbs fruit.
B – Blackberry. This is exquisite, easy, and virtually free. Use 4 lbs fruit.
C – Cherry. I have only made this once (and yet to drink a bottle) but it tasted fabulous on bottling. Use 6 lbs of fruit.
D – Dandelion. This gets better the longer you store it. Try for at least 2 years. Use 6 pints of flowers.
E – Elderflower. Irritating to make (all that flower plucking) but summer in a glass. Use 1 pint of flowers.
F – Fig. I have only helped make this, and not tasted it, so don’t know if it is successful. Use 6 lbs fruit
G – Gooseberry. When it succeeds, this is possibly the best white. It doesn’t always, though. Use 6 lbs fruit.
H – Hawthorn Blossom. My only H, and rather bland. Use 4 pints of flowers.
I – I have yet to tick this off.
J – Another missing letter
K – Kiwi Fruit. I have only done this once, and had one bottle, but enjoyed that. Use 5 lbs fruit.
L – Lemon & Lime. My only L and still in its demijohn. I used 11 small lemons and 4 limes.
M – I haven’t done this yet, and am thinking ‘Mango’.
N – Nettle. Don’t bother. But if you must, treat it as a flower wine and use 4 pints of nettle tops.
O – Orange. One of my regulars, with a sharp taste. Use 12 oranges.
P – Prune & Parsnip. This produces a sherry-like wine and is fabulous. Use 2 lbs of parsnips and 8 oz prunes.
Q – Quince. Floral, yet dry. Use 20 quinces.
R – Rhubarb. This comes close to tasting like real wine. Use 3 lb fruit.
S – Strawberry. Delicious and refreshingly dry. Use 5 lbs of fruit.
T – Tea. Again, don’t bother. It isn’t fruit, vegetable, or flower. Use 2 oz tea if you must.
U – Ugli Fruit Wine
V – By the time you read this, I hope to have made Vanilla Wine. But for the moment, it is untried.
W – Whitecurrant. I made this last year, but have yet to drink a bottle. It tasted good on bottling. Use 3 lb fruit.
X – Xmas Tutti Frutti. Okay, this is a bit of a cheat, but how else am I going to get an X? It is all the leftover fruit in my freezer at Christmas. Use whatever is in your freezer.
Y – Not done. Yam wine anyone?
Z – This will be my last letter to tick off. I will pander to my half-American heritage and do zucchini.

Wine Making Equipment

You don’t need much to get started with basic winemaking but you will need the items in the list below. Pick things up individually or alternatively get them as a bundle from a winemaking supplier. This product from Amazon has everything you need to get started: Premium Wine Making Equipment Kit and for a detailed explanation of the winemaking process and equipment please read this piece.

Sterilize all equipment you are going to use. You must repeat this every time you begin a new stage in wine-making — I have a useful footnote about it here. It deals with many other things besides and is worth reading. You can sterilize your heat-proof equipment in the oven, but an easier method and the one you use for plastic items is sodium metabisulphite dissolved in a pint of cold water. Swirl it around all of the surfaces of your winemaking equipment including demi-johns, buckets, utensils, and siphoning hose.

• A large bucket with a lid
• Two demi-johns
• Length of clear tubing
• A rubber cork
• Rubber cork with a hole drilled through
• An air-lock for fermenting
• Measuring jugs
• Kitchen utensils: spoons, potato masher

Fruit Wine Ingredients

• A quantity of fruit – usually between 3 to 6 lbs (1.3-2.6 kg) (see above)
• 6 ½ pints (130 fluid ounces / 3.7 liters) Water
• 3 lbs (1.3 kg) Sugar
• 1 tsp Wine yeast
• 1 tsp  Yeast nutrient
• 1 tsp Pectolase (pectic enzyme)

Fruit Wine Making Instructions

1. If using soft fruit (e.g. berries) crush it in your bucket with a potato masher. If hard fruit (e.g. apples), chop them into small pieces – using a food processor helps – and put those in the bucket.
2. Boil the water and pour it over the fruit.
3. Add the sugar and stir.
4. Leave for 24 hours, and add the yeast, nutrient, and pectolase (pectic enzyme).
5. Between four and seven days later (depending on when is most convenient to you) strain the fruit out and put the liquid into a demijohn.
6. Let the demijohn sit for approximately 2 months, preferably in your warmest room (but don’t over-worry about the temperature).
7. Siphon the liquid off its sediment into a new demijohn, picking up as little sediment as possible.
8. Top up the gap left in the new demijohn with a sugar and water syrup. As a rough guide, the ratio of water to sugar should be a pint to six ounces (0.5 liters / 150 grams). You may need more or less of this, depending on the sediment’s size.
9. Leave the demijohn to stand until at least 6 months after starting the wine and bottle.

Vegetable Wine Ingredients

• A quantity of vegetables – usually between 2 to 6 lbs (0.9-2.6 kg)
• 7 ½ pints (150 fluid ounces / 4.25 liters) Water
• 3 lbs (1.3 kg) Sugar
• 1 tsp  Wine yeast
• 1 tsp Yeast nutrient
• 1 tsp Pectolase (pectic enzyme)

Vegetable Wine Making Instructions

1. Chop the vegetables into small pieces (don’t peel them) and put them into a pan with the water.
2. Bring water to a boil and simmer for half an hour.
3. Pour the water into a bucket, discarding the vegetables (or saving them for soup)
4. Add the sugar and stir.
5. Leave for 24 hours, and add the yeast, nutrient, and pectolase (pectic enzyme).
6. Between four and seven days later (depending on when is most convenient to you) strain the liquid and put it into a demijohn.
7. Let the demijohn sit for approximately 2 months, preferably in your warmest room (but don’t over-worry about the temperature).
8. Siphon the liquid off its sediment into a new demijohn, picking up as little sediment as possible.
9. Top up the gap left in the new demijohn with a sugar and water syrup. As a rough guide, the ratio of water to sugar should be a pint to six ounces (0.5 liters / 150 grams). You may need more or less of this, depending on the sediment’s size.
10. Leave the demijohn to stand until at least 6 months after starting the wine and bottle.

Flower Wine Ingredients

• A quantity of flower petals – between 1 and 6 pints (0.6-3.4 liters) (see above list)
• 6 pints (120 fluid ounces / 3.4 liters) Water
• A carton of white grape juice (in the UK this comes in 1-liter cartons)
• 2 Lemons
• 3 lbs (1.3 kg) Sugar
• 1 tsp Wine yeast
• 1 tsp Yeast nutrient
• 1 tsp Wine tannin (or a small mug of cold black tea)
• 1 tsp Pectolase (pectic enzyme)

Flower Wine Making Instructions

1. Thinly peel the lemons, trying to avoid the pith, and put the peel in your bucket with the flowers and grape juice.
2. Squeeze the lemons and pour juice into the bucket.
3. Boil the water and pour it into the bucket. (Alternatively, for elderflower I put in cold water, but I add a crushed Campden tablet to remove any yeast on the flowers.)
4. Add the sugar and stir.
5. Leave for 24 hours, and add the yeast, nutrient, tannin, and pectolase (pectic enzyme).
6. Between four and seven days later (depending on when is most convenient to you) strain the flowers out and put the liquid into a demijohn.
7. Let the demijohn sit for approximately 2 months, preferably in your warmest room (but don’t over-worry about the temperature).
8. Siphon the liquid off its sediment into a new demijohn, picking up as little sediment as possible.
9. Top up the gap left in the new demijohn with a sugar and water syrup. As a rough guide, the ratio of water to sugar should be a pint to six ounces (0.5 liters / 150 grams). You may need more or less of this, depending on the sediment’s size.
10. Leave the demijohn to stand until at least 6 months after starting the wine and bottle.

Ben Hardy is the author of ‘Ben’s Adventures in Wine Making’, a wine-making book published by The Good Life Press. When not brewing, he can be found playing the bassoon or being a property solicitor in Leeds. For more on his winemaking exploits, please visit his blog, and read his first piece on country winemaking.